writ of detinue
writ of detinue 非法扣押令 适用于一方诉请他方返还其被非法扣押的动产、契据及其他文书的诉讼。该令状不常使用，较常用的救济方式是提起非法占用或使用(他人)财物损害赔偿诉讼。 (→detinue)
Search Results for: WRIT OF DETINUE
writ of detinue
writ of detinue. A writ in an action for detinue. See DETINUE. [Cases: Detinue 1. C.J.S. Detinue § 1.]
detinue of goods in frankmarriage
Hist. A writ allowing a divorced wife to obtain the goods given to her during the marriage.
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detinue
detinue (det-i-nyoo or -noo). A common-law action to recover personal property wrongfully taken by another. Cf. REPLEVIN; TROVER. [Cases: Detinue 1. C.J.S. Detinue § 1.] “A claim in detinue lies at the suit of a person who has an immediate right to the possession of the goods against a person who is in actual possession
de catallis reddendis
de catallis reddendis (dee k[schwa]-tal-is ri-den-dis), n. [Law Latin “of chattels to be restored”] Hist. A writ ordering a bailee to deliver chattels kept from the owner. • This was replaced by the writ of detinue. See DETINUE.
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de cartis reddendis
de cartis reddendis (dee kahr-tis ri-den-dis), n. [Law Latin “for restoring charters”] Hist. A writ ordering redelivery of a charter or deed; a writ of detinue. See DETINUE.
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form of action
form of action. The common-law legal and procedural device associated with a particular writ, each of which had specific forms of process, pleading, trial, and judgment. • The 11 common-law forms of action were trespass, trespass on the case, trover, ejectment, detinue, replevin, debt, covenant, account, special assumpsit, and general assumpsit. [Cases: Action 29; Federal
Court of Common Pleas
Court of Common Pleas (1)〈英〉皇家民事法庭；民诉法庭；普通民事诉讼法庭 1875年之前英格兰最重要的三个中央法庭之一，12世纪开始逐渐从御前会议〔Curia Regis〕中分离出来，它不同于随国王流动的法庭。《大宪章》〔Magna Carta〕第17条规定，皇家民事法庭应设于特定地点，后来该庭设于威斯敏斯特，1272年任命了独立的皇家民事法庭首席法官〔Chief Justice of the Common Pleas〕。该法庭受理私人之间的民事诉讼，在该法庭可以提起全部的不动产权益之诉〔real action〕以及旧时个人间的债务之诉〔action of debt〕、扣留财物之诉〔action of detinue〕、报账之诉〔action of account〕和允诺契据之诉〔action of covenant〕，这使它成为中世纪英格兰最活跃的普通法法院。后来王座法庭〔Court of King’s Bench〕和财税法庭〔Court of Exchequer〕通过拟制也获得了对于一些动产诉讼的管辖权，但皇家民事法庭对不动产权益诉讼的排它管辖权一直持续到19世纪。该法庭对地方法庭和采邑法庭行使监督权，不服其判决最初可上诉至王座法庭，后来改为上诉至财政署内室法庭〔exchequer chamber〕。17世纪时该法庭取得了发布禁止令状〔writ of prohibition〕和人身保护令〔habeas corpus〕的一般管辖权；19世纪时还取得了对校勘律师〔revising barrister〕的上诉、反对国会选举的请愿等的排它管辖权。该法庭属高级的存卷法庭，由一名首席法官和五名助理法官组成，依据1873-1875年《司法组织法》〔Judicature Acts〕，它被并入新的高等法院〔High Court of Justice〕，其原有的管辖权除对选举事务的管辖权外均归高等法院的民事分庭〔Common Plea Division〕行使，1880年，高等民事分庭和财税分庭〔Exchequer Division〕被并入王座分庭〔Queen’s Bench Division〕。兰开斯特民事法庭〔Court of Common Pleas at Lancaster〕是一个具有地方普通法管辖权的特权法庭〔Palatine Court〕，依据1873年《司法组织法》，其管辖权亦转归高等法院。 (2)〈美〉普通法院 对民事和刑事诉讼具有一般管辖权的法院，美国殖民地时期普通法院由英王任命的法官主持，一般为县法院，独立后某些州也将具有一般管辖权的法院称为普通法院，例如在宾夕法尼亚州，该院对于民、刑事诉讼均有管辖权。现已废除，其管辖权被转归区法院、巡回法院或高级法院。
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distringas
distringas (di-string-gas), n. [Law Latin “you are to distrain”] 1. A writ ordering a sheriff to distrain a defendant’s property to compel the defendant to perform an obligation, such as appearing in court or giving up a chattel to a plaintiff awarded judgment in a detinue action. 2. A writ ordering the sheriff to seize
personal action
personal action (1)对人之诉 早期普通法中的民事诉讼可分为对人之诉〔personal action〕、不动产权益之诉〔real action〕和混合之诉〔mixed action〕，其中对人之诉是基于合同或侵权而针对特定个人提起的诉讼，其目的在于要求被告履行合同债务或是针对所造成的损害进行赔偿。合同性质对人之诉包括报账之诉〔action of account〕、简式契约之诉〔assumpsit〕、允诺契据之诉〔covenant〕、定额债务之诉〔debt〕等；侵权性质对人之诉包括动产占有回复之诉〔replevin〕、侵害之诉〔trespass〕、非法挪用之诉〔trover〕、陪审团裁定之诉〔attaint〕、类案之诉〔case〕、诈欺之诉〔deceit〕、包讼之诉〔champerty〕、共谋之诉〔conspiracy〕、扣留财物之诉〔detinue〕等。这些诉讼连同与其相应的诉讼开始令状〔original writ〕及诉讼程式均于19世纪一并被废除。这个词现在常用来指对人诉讼〔action in personam〕，即法庭判决是要求特定个人作出一定行为，通常是支付金钱，以区别于对物诉讼〔action in rem〕。在对物诉讼中，原告是针对特定的物提出物权主张或债权主张，即主张自己对某物享有权利，或要求别人针对该物所作的损害进行赔偿。最后该词也指只能由当事人本人提起的诉讼。在大陆法中，对人之诉要求被告履行基于合同或侵权所产生的债务，即要求被告转移对某物的控制，履行某种义务或是赔偿一定的损失。 (2)对人诉讼(=action in personam) (3)(罗马法)对人诉讼(=actio personalis；personalis actio) (→real action; action; mixed action)